Certified Hospice and Palliative Assistant (CHPNA) Practice Test

What is the primary medication group used to manage dyspnea in chronic lung conditions at the end of life?

1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

2. Antibiotics

3. Opioids and anxiolytics

4. Corticosteroids

The correct answer is: Opioids and anxiolytics

The primary medication group used to manage dyspnea in chronic lung conditions at the end of life includes opioids and anxiolytics. Opioids, such as morphine, are particularly effective in this context because they help relieve the sensation of breathlessness by reducing the perception of pain and anxiety, which can exacerbate feelings of dyspnea. They also have a calming effect on the respiratory drive, making it easier for patients to breathe. Anxiolytics, which are medications used to alleviate anxiety, can also play a crucial role in the management of dyspnea, especially in patients who experience anxiety or panic due to their breathing difficulties. By addressing both the physical and psychological aspects of dyspnea, this combination of medications provides a more comprehensive approach to palliative care in individuals with chronic lung conditions. Other medication groups, while useful in different contexts, do not primarily address the specific needs related to dyspnea management in this patient population. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs primarily focus on pain control and inflammation but do not have a direct role in alleviating breathing difficulties. Antibiotics are used to treat infections and may be indicated for certain acute conditions but are not a first-line treatment for chronic dyspnea. Corticost